Country profile · Europe & Central Asia · UMC

🇧🇦 Bosnia and Herzegovina

Upper middle income. Capital Sarajevo. Mid-pack GDP/cap (UMC · PEAK) across 42 World Bank / WHO / ILO measures.

3.2 million
Population
$29.7 billion
GDP
$9,398
GDP / capita
78.0 years
Life expectancy
RSS
Europe & Central Asia Upper middle income Capital: Sarajevo

Mid-pack GDP/cap · PEAK

Bosnia and Herzegovina ranks 112th of 217 by total GDP and 69th for life expectancy - a upper middle income economy in Europe & Central Asia.

#112
World GDP rank (of 217)
$9,398
GDP per capita
#69
Life-expectancy rank
#135
Population rank

Bosnia and Herzegovina sits in the middle third of GDP/cap (#103 of 214) as a UMC economy with PEAK longevity.

Bosnia and Herzegovina vs all countries by total GDP

Where this economy's World Bank total GDP sits among every country with a positive observation (inventory signal, not a virtue ranking)

$29,737,363,103 112th of 214 higher than 102 of 214 countries

Countries banded by World Bank total GDP (current US$)

Each bar is a $0.001K-wide band; taller bars hold more countries. The dashed line + filled bar mark this entry. Hover or tap any bar for its full count and share, and where it sits relative to this entry.

Source World Bank, GDP (current US$) · 2026-08-14

Bosnia and Herzegovina on the global income map

Bosnia and Herzegovina (BIH) mid GDP/cap pack - GDP per capita × life expectancy vs largest peers; gold rings = OECD.

Bosnia and Herzegovina on the global income map Bosnia and Herzegovina positioned by World Bank GDP per capita and life expectancy against its largest peers. Each point shows the latest available observation year for both measures. 50 60 70 80 90 $200 $1K $10K $100K GDP per capita (USD, log scale) Life expectancy at birth (years) India - GDP/cap $2,695 (2024) · life expectancy 72.2 years (2024) · lower-middle income IND China - GDP/cap $13,303 (2024) · life expectancy 78.0 years (2024) · upper-middle income CHN United States - GDP/cap $84,534 (2024) · life expectancy 78.9 years (2024) · high income · OECD USA Indonesia - GDP/cap $4,925 (2024) · life expectancy 71.3 years (2024) · upper-middle income IDN Pakistan - GDP/cap $1,479 (2024) · life expectancy 67.8 years (2024) · lower-middle income Nigeria - GDP/cap $1,084 (2024) · life expectancy 54.6 years (2024) · low income Brazil - GDP/cap $10,311 (2024) · life expectancy 76.0 years (2024) · upper-middle income Bangladesh - GDP/cap $2,593 (2024) · life expectancy 74.9 years (2024) · lower-middle income Russian Federation - GDP/cap $14,889 (2024) · life expectancy 73.4 years (2024) · high income Ethiopia - GDP/cap $1,134 (2024) · life expectancy 67.6 years (2024) · low income Mexico - GDP/cap $14,186 (2024) · life expectancy 75.3 years (2024) · high income · OECD Japan - GDP/cap $32,487 (2024) · life expectancy 84.0 years (2024) · high income · OECD Egypt, Arab Rep. - GDP/cap $3,338 (2024) · life expectancy 71.8 years (2024) · lower-middle income Philippines - GDP/cap $3,985 (2024) · life expectancy 69.9 years (2024) · lower-middle income Congo, Dem. Rep. - GDP/cap $693 (2024) · life expectancy 62.1 years (2024) · low income Viet Nam - GDP/cap $4,717 (2024) · life expectancy 74.7 years (2024) · upper-middle income Iran, Islamic Rep. - GDP/cap $5,190 (2024) · life expectancy 77.9 years (2024) · upper-middle income Turkiye - GDP/cap $15,893 (2024) · life expectancy 77.4 years (2024) · high income · OECD Germany - GDP/cap $56,104 (2024) · life expectancy 80.8 years (2024) · high income · OECD Thailand - GDP/cap $7,387 (2024) · life expectancy 76.6 years (2024) · upper-middle income United Kingdom - GDP/cap $53,246 (2024) · life expectancy 81.4 years (2024) · high income · OECD Tanzania - GDP/cap $1,193 (2024) · life expectancy 67.2 years (2024) · lower-middle income France - GDP/cap $46,103 (2024) · life expectancy 83.0 years (2024) · high income · OECD South Africa - GDP/cap $6,267 (2024) · life expectancy 66.3 years (2024) · upper-middle income Italy - GDP/cap $40,385 (2024) · life expectancy 84.0 years (2024) · high income · OECD Kenya - GDP/cap $2,133 (2024) · life expectancy 63.8 years (2024) · lower-middle income Myanmar - GDP/cap $1,359 (2024) · life expectancy 67.1 years (2024) · lower-middle income Colombia - GDP/cap $7,951 (2024) · life expectancy 77.9 years (2024) · upper-middle income · OECD Korea, Rep. - GDP/cap $36,239 (2024) · life expectancy 83.6 years (2024) · high income · OECD Sudan - GDP/cap $985 (2024) · life expectancy 66.5 years (2024) · low income Bosnia and Herzegovina - GDP/cap $9,398 (2024) · life expectancy 78.0 years (2024) · upper-middle income Income tier Low Lower-middle Upper-middle High OECD member
  • Bosnia and Herzegovina: GDP per capita $9,398 (2024), life expectancy 78.0 years (2024), upper-middle income.
  • India: GDP per capita $2,695 (2024), life expectancy 72.2 years (2024), lower-middle income.
  • China: GDP per capita $13,303 (2024), life expectancy 78.0 years (2024), upper-middle income.
  • United States: GDP per capita $84,534 (2024), life expectancy 78.9 years (2024), high income, OECD member.
  • Indonesia: GDP per capita $4,925 (2024), life expectancy 71.3 years (2024), upper-middle income.
  • Pakistan: GDP per capita $1,479 (2024), life expectancy 67.8 years (2024), lower-middle income.
  • Nigeria: GDP per capita $1,084 (2024), life expectancy 54.6 years (2024), low income.
  • Brazil: GDP per capita $10,311 (2024), life expectancy 76.0 years (2024), upper-middle income.
  • Bangladesh: GDP per capita $2,593 (2024), life expectancy 74.9 years (2024), lower-middle income.
  • Russian Federation: GDP per capita $14,889 (2024), life expectancy 73.4 years (2024), high income.
  • Ethiopia: GDP per capita $1,134 (2024), life expectancy 67.6 years (2024), low income.
  • Mexico: GDP per capita $14,186 (2024), life expectancy 75.3 years (2024), high income, OECD member.
  • Japan: GDP per capita $32,487 (2024), life expectancy 84.0 years (2024), high income, OECD member.
  • Egypt, Arab Rep.: GDP per capita $3,338 (2024), life expectancy 71.8 years (2024), lower-middle income.
  • Philippines: GDP per capita $3,985 (2024), life expectancy 69.9 years (2024), lower-middle income.
  • Congo, Dem. Rep.: GDP per capita $693 (2024), life expectancy 62.1 years (2024), low income.
  • Viet Nam: GDP per capita $4,717 (2024), life expectancy 74.7 years (2024), upper-middle income.
  • Iran, Islamic Rep.: GDP per capita $5,190 (2024), life expectancy 77.9 years (2024), upper-middle income.
  • Turkiye: GDP per capita $15,893 (2024), life expectancy 77.4 years (2024), high income, OECD member.
  • Germany: GDP per capita $56,104 (2024), life expectancy 80.8 years (2024), high income, OECD member.
  • Thailand: GDP per capita $7,387 (2024), life expectancy 76.6 years (2024), upper-middle income.
  • United Kingdom: GDP per capita $53,246 (2024), life expectancy 81.4 years (2024), high income, OECD member.
  • Tanzania: GDP per capita $1,193 (2024), life expectancy 67.2 years (2024), lower-middle income.
  • France: GDP per capita $46,103 (2024), life expectancy 83.0 years (2024), high income, OECD member.
  • South Africa: GDP per capita $6,267 (2024), life expectancy 66.3 years (2024), upper-middle income.
  • Italy: GDP per capita $40,385 (2024), life expectancy 84.0 years (2024), high income, OECD member.
  • Kenya: GDP per capita $2,133 (2024), life expectancy 63.8 years (2024), lower-middle income.
  • Myanmar: GDP per capita $1,359 (2024), life expectancy 67.1 years (2024), lower-middle income.
  • Colombia: GDP per capita $7,951 (2024), life expectancy 77.9 years (2024), upper-middle income, OECD member.
  • Korea, Rep.: GDP per capita $36,239 (2024), life expectancy 83.6 years (2024), high income, OECD member.
  • Sudan: GDP per capita $985 (2024), life expectancy 66.5 years (2024), low income.

Overview

Bosnia and Herzegovina has a population of 3.2 million, making it the 135th-most populous country out of 217 tracked in Europe & Central Asia.

Its economy totals $29.7 billion - ranked 112th globally by total GDP. GDP per capita stands at $9,398, placing it in the Upper middle income category.

Life expectancy at birth is 78.0 years (ranked 69th globally), reflecting overall health outcomes as measured by the World Bank.

The capital is Sarajevo.

👥 Demographics

Population
3.2 million
2024
Population Ages 0-14
13.0%
2024
Population Ages 65+
22.2%
2024
Population Density
62.2/km²
2023
Urban Population
52.1%
2024

💰 Economy

Foreign Direct Investment
$1 billion
2024
GDP (Current USD)
$29.7 billion
2024
GDP Growth Rate
3.2%
2024
GDP Per Capita (Current USD)
$9,397.909
2024
Government Debt (% of GDP)
39.7%
2024
Inflation (Consumer Prices)
6.1%
2023
Trade (% of GDP)
94.8%
2024
Unemployment Rate
10.7%
2024

🏥 Health

Health Expenditure (% of GDP)
8.9%
2023
Infant Mortality Rate
5.5 per 1,000
2024
Life Expectancy at Birth
78.0 years
2024
Maternal Mortality Ratio
6
2023
Physicians (per 1,000 people)
2.6 per 1,000
2019
Stunting Prevalence (under 5)
8.9
2012
Under-5 Mortality Rate
6.9 per 1,000
2024

📚 Education

Education Expenditure (% of GDP)
3.2%
2023
Literacy Rate (Adult)
97.0
2013
School Enrollment (Primary)
101.2
2023
School Enrollment (Secondary)
87.9
2023
School Enrollment (Tertiary)
45.5
2023
Youth Literacy Rate
99.7
2013

🌍 Environment

CO2 Emissions Per Capita
6.4
2024
Electric Power Consumption
3,677 kWh
2023
Forest Area
42.7
2023
Freshwater Withdrawal
0.9
2022
Renewable Energy Consumption
36.6%
2021

🏗️ Infrastructure

Access to Clean Water
86.4%
2024
Access to Electricity
100.0%
2023
Access to Sanitation
56.6%
2018
Internet Users
86.1%
2024
Mobile Subscriptions
121.2
2024

⚖️ Social

Female Labor Participation
39.4
2024
GINI Index
30.3
2021
Intentional Homicides
1.2
2023
Male Labor Participation
60.4
2024
Net Migration
-4,497
2024
Poverty (< $2.15/day)
0.3%
2021

🌐 Livability Score

One composite verdict from 5 of 5 World Bank series (life expectancy, under-5 mortality, electricity access, clean-water access, homicide rate), each benchmarked against every country tracking that series. A missing series never silently drags the score down: its weight redistributes across the series Bosnia and Herzegovina does report.

Overall
B
72/100
Life expectancy B-
78.0 years
World Bank, 2024 (217-country benchmark)
Under-5 mortality B
6.9 per 1,000
World Bank, 2024 (196-country benchmark)
Access to electricity A+
100.0%
World Bank, 2023 (215-country benchmark)
Access to clean water C
86.4%
World Bank, 2024 (151-country benchmark)
Safety (homicide rate) B
1.2 per 100,000
UNODC via World Bank, 2023 (195-country benchmark)

All indicators for Bosnia and Herzegovina

42 latest observations from World Bank WDI, WHO GHO, and ILO ILOSTAT (vintage through 2026-08-14). Values match the topic cards above; this table is the machine-readable export view analysts expect on a country profile.

TopicIndicatorValueYear
DemographicsPopulation3.2 million2024
DemographicsPopulation Ages 0-1413.0%2024
DemographicsPopulation Ages 65+22.2%2024
DemographicsPopulation Density62.2/km²2023
DemographicsUrban Population52.1%2024
EconomyForeign Direct Investment$1 billion2024
EconomyGDP (Current USD)$29.7 billion2024
EconomyGDP Growth Rate3.2%2024
EconomyGDP Per Capita (Current USD)$9,397.9092024
EconomyGovernment Debt (% of GDP)39.7%2024
EconomyInflation (Consumer Prices)6.1%2023
EconomyTrade (% of GDP)94.8%2024
EconomyUnemployment Rate10.7%2024
HealthHealth Expenditure (% of GDP)8.9%2023
HealthInfant Mortality Rate5.5 per 1,0002024
HealthLife Expectancy at Birth78.0 years2024
HealthMaternal Mortality Ratio62023
HealthPhysicians (per 1,000 people)2.6 per 1,0002019
HealthStunting Prevalence (under 5)8.92012
HealthUnder-5 Mortality Rate6.9 per 1,0002024
EducationEducation Expenditure (% of GDP)3.2%2023
EducationLiteracy Rate (Adult)97.02013
EducationSchool Enrollment (Primary)101.22023
EducationSchool Enrollment (Secondary)87.92023
EducationSchool Enrollment (Tertiary)45.52023
EducationYouth Literacy Rate99.72013
EnvironmentCO2 Emissions Per Capita6.42024
EnvironmentElectric Power Consumption3,677 kWh2023
EnvironmentForest Area42.72023
EnvironmentFreshwater Withdrawal0.92022
EnvironmentRenewable Energy Consumption36.6%2021
InfrastructureAccess to Clean Water86.4%2024
InfrastructureAccess to Electricity100.0%2023
InfrastructureAccess to Sanitation56.6%2018
InfrastructureInternet Users86.1%2024
InfrastructureMobile Subscriptions121.22024
SocialFemale Labor Participation39.42024
SocialGINI Index30.32021
SocialIntentional Homicides1.22023
SocialMale Labor Participation60.42024
SocialNet Migration-4,4972024
SocialPoverty (< $2.15/day)0.3%2021

🫀 Disease Burden

Road-traffic deaths at 13.7 per 100,000 are Bosnia and Herzegovina's sharpest GHO outlier versus the fleet midpoint (12.3). Summary metrics use 2021 data; cause-specific cards show their own observation year.

NCD Death Rate
510
per 100K · 2021
Road Traffic Deaths
13.7
per 100K · 2021
Suicide Rate
23.5
per 100K · 2021

Sources: WHO Global Health Observatory. NCD mortality rate: 2021. Rates are age-standardized per 100,000 population. Premature NCD risk covers cardiovascular disease, cancer, diabetes, and chronic respiratory disease.

Compare Bosnia and Herzegovina with near GDP/cap peers

Side-by-side pages for the closest ABS GDP/cap neighbours - not a full-roster dropdown.

What the data says about Bosnia and Herzegovina

Bosnia and Herzegovina is classified as an upper-middle-income economy, a tier where statistical capacity, and therefore data completeness, varies more widely than in high-income countries, so a missing or older data point on this profile usually reflects reporting lag rather than an absence of the underlying activity. Output and income figures are reported at market exchange rates in current dollars, which means currency depreciation or appreciation can shift the headline numbers for a small economy like this one even when the real economy is barely moving. Because these economies are also the ones most likely to shift income tier within a decade, the trend over several years usually tells a more useful story than any single year's value.

Bosnia and Herzegovina sits in the middle third of GDP/cap (#103 of 214) as a UMC economy with PEAK longevity.

Bosnia and Herzegovina holds 3.2 million people and $29.7 billion GDP (112th) at $9,398 per person - mid GDP/cap band, UMC, LE 78.0 years (69th, PEAK). 42 WDI/WHO/ILO cells fill the topic blocks.

Nearest ABS GDP/cap peer: North Macedonia at $9,292 (Δ $106). Open that profile or the GDP/cap leaderboard before treating any single year as destiny.

What to do with Bosnia and Herzegovina's numbers

Bosnia and Herzegovina is classified UMC with PEAK. Use that context before comparing any single figure to another country.

  • Compare Bosnia and Herzegovina directly against any other country, side by side, on the indicators that matter to you. Compare countries
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  • Learn the common mistakes people make citing country statistics before you quote a number from this page. Reading country profiles

Figures above are sourced from World Bank, WHO, and ILO (OECD where applicable) as cited below; always verify against the primary source before citing a specific number.

Source: World Bank Open Data, Source: WHO Global Health Observatory, Source: ILO ILOSTAT. World Bank and ILO data licensed under CC BY 4.0.

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