Ethiopia vs Nigeria

Ethiopia
Sub-Saharan Africa
Low income
Capital: Addis Ababa
Population
132.1M
GDP
$149.7B
Nigeria
Sub-Saharan Africa
Lower middle income
Capital: Abuja
Population
232.7M
GDP
$252.3B

POP 1.8x GDP 1.7x LE 13.0 yrs LIC↔LMC

Widest indicator spreads · Ethiopia vs Nigeria

Net Migration185.4%Education Expenditure (%…86.1%Maternal Mortality Ratio80.4%Access to Sanitation75%Foreign Direct Investment73.1%Urban Population62.5%Under-5 Mortality Rate61.5%Access to Clean Water54.7%
MID pair: Net Migration is the opener; totals are closer than rates on LIC↔LMC.

Demographics: Urban Population (Nigeria, 62% spread)

Indicator Ethiopia Nigeria Year
Urban Population 23.6% 63.0% 2024
Population Density 114.0 250.2 2023
Population 132.1M 232.7M 2024

4 closer demographics rows sit on the Ethiopia and Nigeria profiles; this pair keeps the steep spreads only.

Economy: Foreign Direct Investment (Ethiopia, 73% spread)

Indicator Ethiopia Nigeria Year
Foreign Direct Investment $4.0B $1.1B 2024
GDP Growth Rate 7.6% 4.1% 2024
GDP (Current USD) $149.7B $252.3B 2024
Inflation (Consumer Prices) 21.0% 33.2% 2024

5 closer economy rows sit on the Ethiopia and Nigeria profiles; this pair keeps the steep spreads only.

Health: Maternal Mortality Ratio (Ethiopia, 80% spread)

Indicator Ethiopia Nigeria Year
Maternal Mortality Ratio 195 993 2023
Under-5 Mortality Rate 44.5 115.6 2024
Infant Mortality Rate 34.5 69.8 2024
Health Expenditure (% of GDP) 2.8% 4.2% 2023

3 closer health rows sit on the Ethiopia and Nigeria profiles; this pair keeps the steep spreads only.

Education: Education Expenditure (% of GDP) (Ethiopia, 86% spread)

Indicator Ethiopia Nigeria Year
Education Expenditure (% of GDP) 2.3% 0.3% 2024
School Enrollment (Tertiary) 5.9% 9.7% 2014
School Enrollment (Secondary) 33.9% 46.9% 2015

3 closer education rows sit on the Ethiopia and Nigeria profiles; this pair keeps the steep spreads only.

Environment: CO2 Emissions Per Capita (Ethiopia, 42% spread)

Indicator Ethiopia Nigeria Year
CO2 Emissions Per Capita 0.1 0.6 2024
Forest Area 14.9% 23.2% 2023
Freshwater Withdrawal 8.6% 5.6% 2022
Electric Power Consumption 113 144 2023

1 closer environment rows sit on the Ethiopia and Nigeria profiles; this pair keeps the steep spreads only.

Infrastructure: Access to Sanitation (Nigeria, 75% spread)

Indicator Ethiopia Nigeria Year
Access to Sanitation 8.1% 32.2% 2024
Access to Clean Water 13.5% 29.9% 2024
Internet Users 21.9% 41.2% 2024

2 closer infrastructure rows sit on the Ethiopia and Nigeria profiles; this pair keeps the steep spreads only.

Social: Net Migration (Ethiopia, 185% spread)

Indicator Ethiopia Nigeria Year
Net Migration 30.1K -35,202 2024
Intentional Homicides 8.5 15.7 2012
Female Labor Participation 58.4% 80.7% 2024

3 closer social rows sit on the Ethiopia and Nigeria profiles; this pair keeps the steep spreads only.

How to read this Ethiopia vs Nigeria comparison

Ethiopia (LIC) and Nigeria (LMC) sit in a MID-spread band on this curated board (LIC↔LMC). Population is 43% smaller; GDP is 41% smaller. Open with Net Migration (~185%) before the 8-topic tables (48 rows). Both in Sub-Saharan Africa, so regional peers are a fair control. Figures may come from different reporting years; dollar values move with exchange rates; national averages conceal inequality. See our methodology.

Other curated pairs · MID band

Indexable comparisons only (Module 42). Full picker with every country lives on /compare, not duplicated under every pair.

Ethiopia vs Nigeria figures: World Bank Open Data and health rows: WHO Global Health Observatory. CC BY 4.0 · LIC↔LMC · MID scale band.